Name: Euro
Symbol: € Cent: cent
Minor Unit:
1/100 = Cent
Central Bank Rate: 0.05
EUR ProfileInflation: 1.5%
Nicknames: Ege (Finnish), Leru (Spanish), Yoyo (Irish English), Teuro (German)
Coins:
Freq Used: €1, €2, 5cent, 10cent, 20cent, 50cent
Rarely Used: 1cent, 2cent
Banknotes:
Freq Used: €5, €10, €20, €50, €100
Rarely Used: €200, €500
Central Bank:
European Central Bank
Website: http://www.ecb.eu
The central bank in Europe is called the European Central Bank (ECB). Currently, 17 EU member states have adopted the Euro. It is the second-most traded currency on the forex market, after the US Dollar, and also a major global reserve currency. Other common names for the Euro include Yoyo (Irish English), Leru (Spanish), and Ege (Finnish).
Introduction of the Euro
On January 1, 1999, the Euro (EUR) was introduced as an account currency, replacing the European Currency Unit at par. The European Currency Unit was a theoretical basket of currencies rather than a physical currency in and of itself. Initially, eleven of the countries in the European Economic and Monetary Union replaced their own currencies with the Euro: Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Portugal, and Spain. Greece followed suit in 2001, Slovenia in 2007, Malta and Cyprus in 2008, and Slovakia in 2009. On January 1, 2014, the Latvian Lats will also be replaced by the Euro.
Use of the Euro outside the EU
A number of sovereign states that are not part of the European Union have since adopted the Euro, including the Principality of Andorra, the Principality of Monaco, the Republic of San Marino, and the Vatican City. The Euro is also used in many territories, departments, and sovereign states of Euro-zone countries, such as the Azores, Balearic Islands, the Canary Islands, Europa Island, French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Juan de Nova, the Madeira Islands, Martinique, Mayotte, Reunion, Saint-Martin, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, to name just a few. The Euro is used as a trading currency in Cuba, North Korea, and Syria and several currencies are pegged to it.
Currency | Peg Rate |
Bosnia and Herzegovina Convertible Mark | 1.95583 |
Bulgarian Lev | 1.95583 |
Cape Verdean Escudo | 110.265 |
Central African CFA Franc BEAC | 655.957 |
CFA Franc | 655.957 |
CFP Franc | 119.3317 |
Comoran Franc | 491.9678 |
Lithuanian Litas | 3.45280 |
Value of Obsolete National Currencies
Euro bank notes and coins began circulating in 2002 with old notes and coins gradually being withdrawn from circulation. The precise dates that each old currency ceased being legal tender and their official fixed rates are shown in the table below.
Legacy(Old) Currency | Conversion from EUR | Obsolete |
ATS Austria, Schilling | 1 EUR = 13.7603 ATS | 28-Feb-2002 |
BEF Belgium, Franc | 1 EUR = 40.3399 BEF | 28-Feb-2002 |
CYP Cyprus, Pound | 1 EUR = 0.58527 CYP | 31-Jan-2008 |
DEM Germany, Deutsche Mark | 1 EUR = 1.95583 DEM | 28-Feb-2002 |
EEK Estonia, Kroon | 1 EUR = 15.6466 EEK | 15-Jan-2011 |
ESP Spain, Peseta | 1 EUR = 166.386 ESP | 28-Feb-2002 |
FIM Finland, Markka | 1 EUR = 5.94573 FIM | 31-Jan-2008 |
FRF France, Franc | 1 EUR = 6.55957 FRF | 17-Feb-2002 |
GRD Greece, Drachma | 1 EUR = 340.750 GRD | 28-Feb-2002 |
IEP Ireland, Pound | 1 EUR = 0.78756 IEP | 9-Feb-2002 |
ITL Italy, Lira | 1 EUR = 1936.27 ITL | 28-Feb-2002 |
LUF Luxembourg, Franc | 1 EUR = 40.3399 LUF | 28-Feb-2002 |
LVL Latvia, Lats | 1 EUR = 0.70280 LVL | 15-Jan-2014 |
MTL Malta, Lira | 1 EUR = 0.42930 MTL | 31-Jan-2008 |
NLG Netherlands, Guilder (Florin) | 1 EUR = 2.20371 NLG | 28-Jan-2008 |
PTE Portugal, Escudo | 1 EUR = 200.482 PTE | 28-Feb-2002 |
SIT Slovenia, Tolar | 1 EUR = 239.640 SIT | 14-Jan-2007 |
SKK Slovakia, Koruna | 1 EUR = 30.1260 SKK | 17-Jan-2009 |
Spelling and Capitalization
The official spelling of the EUR currency unit is "euro", with a lower case "e"; however, the common industry practice is to spell it "Euro", with a capital "E". Many languages have different official spellings for the Euro, which also may or may not coincide with general use. Additionally, there are various nicknames for the currency including, Ege (Finnish), Pavo (Spanish), and Euráče (Slovak).
Relevant Links
For more information on the EUR, we encourage you to visit the links below, particularly the European Central Bank. These sites include recent news on the Euro as well as issues like implementation, spelling, legislation, and more.